Knowledge Base – AI – Artificial Intelligence

Welcome to this specialised AI knowledge base, a resource meticulously crafted to help you navigate the intricate world of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and neural networks.

Using a comprehensive list of acronyms from A to Z, this guide aims to demystify AI-specific terminology and provide you with a quick, go-to reference. Whether you’re a seasoned data scientist or a newcomer to the realm of AI, this knowledge base will serve as a valuable asset in understanding the ever-evolving landscape of artificial intelligence.

A – A to Z AI – Artificial Intelligence Knowledge Base

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
A3C	Asynchronous Advantage Actor-Critic
A/B	A/B Testing
AC	Actor-Critic
ACL	Association for Computational Linguistics
AD	Anomaly Detection
ADAM	Adaptive Moment Estimation
AE	Autoencoder
AGI	Artificial General Intelligence
AI	Artificial Intelligence
AIXI	A theoretical mathematical formalism for AI
ANN	Artificial Neural Network
API	Application Programming Interface
AR	Augmented Reality
ARIMA	AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average
ASR	Automatic Speech Recognition
ATTN	Attention Mechanism
AutoML	Automated Machine Learning
AV	Autonomous Vehicle

B

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
BERT	Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers
BPTT	Backpropagation Through Time
BNN	Bayesian Neural Network
BM	Boltzmann Machine
BO	Bayesian Optimization
BOW	Bag of Words
BP	Backpropagation
BPR	Bayesian Personalized Ranking
BRNN	Bidirectional Recurrent Neural Network
BS	Batch Size
BERT	Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers
BLEU	Bilingual Evaluation Understudy (a metric for machine translation)

C

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
CAE	Convolutional Autoencoder
CART	Classification and Regression Trees
CBOW	Continuous Bag of Words
CBR	Case-Based Reasoning
CNN	Convolutional Neural Network
CL	Contrastive Learning
CRF	Conditional Random Field
CTR	Click-Through Rate
CV	Computer Vision
CVAE	Conditional Variational Autoencoder
CLIP	Contrastive Language–Image Pre-training
CT	Computed Tomography (often used in medical AI applications)
CUDA	Compute Unified Device Architecture (parallel computing platform by NVIDIA)
CTC	Connectionist Temporal Classification (used in sequence modeling)
CVPR	Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (a major AI conference)
CapsNet	Capsule Network

D

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
DNN	Deep Neural Network
DRL	Deep Reinforcement Learning
DT	Decision Tree
DQN	Deep Q-Network
DAG	Directed Acyclic Graph
DBN	Deep Belief Network
DDPG	Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient
DRN	Dilated Residual Network
DS	Data Science
DAE	Denoising Autoencoder
DL	Deep Learning
DP	Differential Privacy
DDP	Distributed Data Parallel
DCNN	Deep Convolutional Neural Network
DFC	Deep Fully Connected (network)
DKM	Deep K-Means (clustering)
DoS	Dropout as a Bayesian Approximation
DETR	DEtection TRansformer
DALI	NVIDIA’s Data Loading Library for AI

E

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
ELU	Exponential Linear Unit
ELM	Extreme Learning Machine
EM	Expectation-Maximization
ES	Evolution Strategies
E2E	End-to-End
EBM	Energy-Based Model
EC	Evolutionary Computation
EGA	Evolutionary Genetic Algorithm
EKF	Extended Kalman Filter
ELMo	Embeddings from Language Models
ERNIE	Enhanced Representation through kNowledge IntEgration
EWC	Elastic Weight Consolidation
EEG	Electroencephalography (common in brain-computer interface studies)
EER	Equal Error Rate
EP	Evolutionary Programming
EPS	Epsilon (used in various contexts, e.g., epsilon-greedy strategy in reinforcement learning)

F

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
FNN	Feedforward Neural Network
FLOP	Floating Point Operation
FP	False Positive
FN	False Negative
F1	F1 Score
FCM	Fuzzy C-Means
FCN	Fully Convolutional Network
FEA	Feature Extraction Algorithm
FGSM	Fast Gradient Sign Method
FR	Face Recognition
FTRL	Follow The Regularized Leader (an optimization algorithm)
FDR	False Discovery Rate
FFT	Fast Fourier Transform (used in signal processing)
FL	Federated Learning
FSL	Few-Shot Learning
FID	Fréchet Inception Distance (used to evaluate GANs)

G

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
GAN	Generative Adversarial Network
GRU	Gated Recurrent Unit
GA	Genetic Algorithm
GBM	Gradient Boosting Machine
GLM	Generalized Linear Model
GP	Gaussian Process
GPT	Generative Pre-trained Transformer
GCN	Graph Convolutional Network
GMM	Gaussian Mixture Model
GLoVe	Global Vectors for Word Representation
GNMT	Google Neural Machine Translation
GRL	Gradient Reversal Layer
GEP	Gene Expression Programming
GDBT	Gradient Boosted Decision Trees
GEC	Grammatical Error Correction
GQA	Generalized Query Answering (also a dataset)

H

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
HMM	Hidden Markov Model
HRL	Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning
HTM	Hierarchical Temporal Memory
HPO	Hyperparameter Optimization
HPC	High-Performance Computing
HRNN	Hierarchical Recurrent Neural Network
HAN	Hierarchical Attention Network
HeNet	He Initialization (often used in the context of neural networks)
HOG	Histogram of Oriented Gradients
HSIC	Hilbert-Schmidt Independence Criterion
HDBSCAN	Hierarchical Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise
HC	Hierarchical Clustering
HDFS	Hadoop Distributed File System (common in big data contexts)
HDR	High Dynamic Range (used in image processing)
Hessian	Refers to the Hessian matrix or Hessian-based methods in optimization

I

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
IR	Information Retrieval
IoU	Intersection over Union
ICA	Independent Component Analysis
IDF	Inverse Document Frequency
IMDB	Internet Movie Database (common dataset)
IOT	Internet of Things
IS	Inception Score (used for evaluating GANs)
ICLR	International Conference on Learning Representations (a major AI conference)
ICML	International Conference on Machine Learning (another major AI conference)
IL	Imitation Learning
IV	Instrumental Variable (used in causal inference)
i.i.d.	Independent and Identically Distributed (common statistical assumption)
InD	In-Distribution
IoA	Intersection over Area
IFS	Iterated Function System (used in fractal generation)
IRL	Inverse Reinforcement Learning

J

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
JSD	Jensen-Shannon Divergence
JSON	JavaScript Object Notation (common in data handling)
JRE	Java Runtime Environment (relevant for some AI tools/frameworks)
JVM	Java Virtual Machine (relevant for some AI tools/frameworks)
JI	Jaccard Index
JIT	Just-In-Time (compilation, used in some deep learning frameworks)
JADE	Joint Approximate Diagonalization of Eigenmatrices (used in ICA)
J48	A popular implementation of the C4.5 algorithm in the Weka data mining tool
JPDA	Joint Probabilistic Data Association (used in multi-object tracking)

K

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
KNN	K-Nearest Neighbors
KLT	Karhunen-Loève Transform
KMC	K-Means Clustering
KDE	Kernel Density Estimation
KF	Kalman Filter
KPI	Key Performance Indicator
KKT	Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (conditions in optimization)
KLD	Kullback-Leibler Divergence
KR	Knowledge Representation
KG	Knowledge Graph
KRL	Knowledge Representation and Learning
KDB	Knowledge Discovery in Databases
KFA	Kernel Fisher Analysis
K-SVD	K-Singular Value Decomposition

L

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
LSTM	Long Short-Term Memory
LR	Logistic Regression
LDA	Linear Discriminant Analysis (or Latent Dirichlet Allocation, context-dependent)
L1	L1 Norm (or Lasso regularization)
L2	L2 Norm (or Ridge regularization)
LBFGS	Limited-memory Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (optimization algorithm)
LFW	Labeled Faces in the Wild (a dataset)
LTV	Lifetime Value (common in predictive analytics for marketing)
LReLU	Leaky Rectified Linear Unit
LOOCV	Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation
LP	Linear Programming
LRP	Layer-wise Relevance Propagation
LS	Least Squares (as in Least Squares Regression)
LSH	Locality-Sensitive Hashing
LST	Large Scale Text (referring to processing or understanding large-scale text data)

M

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
ML	Machine Learning
MLP	Multi-Layer Perceptron
MLE	Maximum Likelihood Estimation
MDP	Markov Decision Process
MNIST	Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology (a dataset)
MFCC	Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients
MT	Machine Translation
MCTS	Monte Carlo Tree Search
MMSE	Minimum Mean Square Error
MOOC	Massive Open Online Course
MIMO	Multiple Input, Multiple Output
MAE	Mean Absolute Error
MSE	Mean Squared Error
MCMC	Markov Chain Monte Carlo
MRNN	Multiplicative Recurrent Neural Network
MVPA	Multi-Voxel Pattern Analysis

N

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
NLP	Natural Language Processing
NN	Neural Network
NLU	Natural Language Understanding
NLG	Natural Language Generation
NMT	Neural Machine Translation
NAS	Neural Architecture Search
NMF	Non-negative Matrix Factorization
NP	Non-deterministic Polynomial (from computational complexity)
NER	Named Entity Recognition
NIPS	Neural Information Processing Systems (now known as NeurIPS, a major AI conference)
NTM	Neural Turing Machine
NMS	Non-Maximum Suppression
NTK	Neural Tangent Kernel
NRS	Neural Radiance Fields
NCE	Noise Contrastive Estimation

O

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
OCR	Optical Character Recognition
OOD	Out-Of-Distribution
OOV	Out-Of-Vocabulary
OR	Operations Research
OHE	One-Hot Encoding
OLS	Ordinary Least Squares
ONNX	Open Neural Network Exchange
OS	Oversampling
OPT	Optimal Transport
ORE	Online Regression Ensemble
OM	Ontology Mapping
OSGD	Online Stochastic Gradient Descent
OT	Optimal Transport

P

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
PCA	Principal Component Analysis
PGM	Probabilistic Graphical Model
PR	Precision-Recall
PPO	Proximal Policy Optimization
PSO	Particle Swarm Optimization
PT	Pre-trained (often in the context of models)
PG	Policy Gradient
PDA	Pushdown Automaton
PL	Programming Language (or Predictive Learning)
PD	Proportional Derivative (as in PD controllers)
PAC	Probably Approximately Correct (learning theory)
PDE	Partial Differential Equation
PerD	Perceptual Distortion
PReLU	Parametric Rectified Linear Unit
PyTorch	Python-based scientific computing package (popular for deep learning)

Q

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
QL	Q-Learning
QDA	Quadratic Discriminant Analysis
QP	Quadratic Programming
QNN	Quantum Neural Network
QAOA	Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm
QML	Quantum Machine Learning
QR	Quick Response (as in QR code, sometimes used in AI applications)
QIS	Quantum Information Science
QPU	Quantum Processing Unit
QUBO	Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization
QC	Quantum Computing
QV	Quantum Volume

R

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
RL	Reinforcement Learning
RNN	Recurrent Neural Network
RF	Random Forest
RMSE	Root Mean Square Error
RBF	Radial Basis Function
ROC	Receiver Operating Characteristic
RBM	Restricted Boltzmann Machine
RDBMS	Relational Database Management System (relevant in data contexts)
RASA	An open-source machine learning framework for automated text and voice-based conversations
ReLU	Rectified Linear Unit
RPA	Robotic Process Automation
RDP	Rényi Differential Privacy
RS	Recommendation System
RANSAC	Random Sample Consensus (used in computer vision)
RCNN	Region-based Convolutional Neural Network

S

Acronym	Full Form
SVM	Support Vector Machine
SGD	Stochastic Gradient Descent
SNN	Spiking Neural Network
Seq2Seq	Sequence to Sequence
SR	Super-Resolution
SL	Supervised Learning
SOTA	State Of The Art
SMOTE	Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique
SWA	Stochastic Weight Averaging
SAE	Stacked Autoencoder
SARSA	State-Action-Reward-State-Action (an RL algorithm)
SVD	Singular Value Decomposition
Siamese	Siamese Network (used in one-shot learning)
SNR	Signal-to-Noise Ratio
SPADE	Spatially-Adaptive Normalization (used in GANs)
SSIM	Structural Similarity Index Measure (for image quality)

T

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
TL	Transfer Learning
TTS	Text-to-Speech
TF	TensorFlow (a popular deep learning framework)
TF-IDF	Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency
TP	True Positive
TN	True Negative
TPR	True Positive Rate
TPU	Tensor Processing Unit
TRPO	Trust Region Policy Optimization
TIMIT	A dataset widely used in automatic speech recognition
TTA	Test Time Augmentation
T-SNE	t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding
TPU	Tensor Processing Unit
TRL	Technology Readiness Level
TTA	Test Time Augmentation

U

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
UL	Unsupervised Learning
ULMFiT	Universal Language Model Fine-tuning
UMAP	Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection
UCT	Upper Confidence Bound applied to Trees (used in MCTS)
U-Net	A convolutional neural network architecture for biomedical image segmentation
UR	User Recommendation
UCI	University of California, Irvine (often referred to in the context of the UCI Machine Learning Repository)
UAV	Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (relevant in AI for drone navigation)
UI	User Interface (relevant in AI for human-computer interaction)
UX	User Experience (relevant in AI for human-computer interaction)

V

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
VAE	Variational Autoencoder
VGG	Visual Geometry Group (referring to the VGGNet architecture)
ViT	Vision Transformer
VQA	Visual Question Answering
VQ-VAE	Vector Quantized Variational Autoencoder
VLSM	Variable Length Subnet Masking (relevant in neural network architectures)
Viterbi	An algorithm used in Hidden Markov Models
VLSI	Very-Large-Scale Integration (relevant in hardware for AI)
VR	Virtual Reality (relevant in AI for simulations and training)
VUI	Voice User Interface

W – Best Web Hosting

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
WGAN	Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network
W&B	Weights & Biases (a tool for machine learning experiment tracking)
WER	Word Error Rate
WMD	Word Mover’s Distance
WOE	Weight of Evidence (used in statistical modeling)
WARP	Weighted Approximate-Rank Pairwise loss
WSL	Weakly Supervised Learning
WSD	Word Sense Disambiguation
WTTE	Weibull Time To Event (used in survival analysis)
WWW	World Wide Web (relevant in AI for web data extraction and analysis)

X

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
XAI	Explainable Artificial Intelligence
XOR	Exclusive OR (a fundamental operation in neural networks and logic)
XML	eXtensible Markup Language (used in data representation)
XGBoost	Extreme Gradient Boosting (a machine learning algorithm)
XLNet	A generalized autoregressive pretraining model for NLP
XNN	eXplainable Neural Network
XLA	Accelerated Linear Algebra (a domain-specific compiler for linear algebra, used in TensorFlow)

Y

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
YOLO	You Only Look Once (a real-time object detection system)
YARN	Yet Another Resource Negotiator (used in Hadoop)
YNN	Yann Neural Network (a playful reference to Yann LeCun, a pioneer in deep learning)

Z

Acronym	Full Form / Explanation
ZSL	Zero-Shot Learning
ZFNet	Zeiler & Fergus Network (a convolutional neural network architecture)
ZCA	Zero Component Analysis (a type of whitening transformation)
ZKP	Zero-Knowledge Proof (relevant in cryptographic contexts within AI)